Lithium for bipolar
Lithium is a naturally occurring salt that’s commonly used as forms such as lithium carbonate or lithium chloride.
Recommended by NICE as the frontline treatment for long-term bipolar disorder, lithium was discovered as a treatment in the mid-20th century.
Why is lithium considered the best medication?
Lithium is often referred to as the ‘gold standard’ due to its effectiveness in preventing both manic and depressive episodes. It’s one of the most researched medications for bipolar.
Lithium is also the only medication for bipolar that's proven to reduce the risk of suicide, and researchers in Sweden have found a strong link between higher rates of lithium prescribing and lower relapse rates of bipolar.
Why does lithium work for some people and not others?
How well lithium works in different people varies due to factors like:
- Genetics
- The specific type of bipolar someone has
- Unique biochemistry (the way someone's body handles lithium)
Studies show that for a third of people with bipolar, lithium relieves almost all symptoms. Another third respond well to it, and only a third needs an alternative.
Why are regular blood tests important if you’re taking lithium?
If you’re taking lithium, regular blood tests are crucial to ensure the medication is at the right therapeutic level (so it can work effectively) and to monitor your kidney and thyroid function.
Dos and don'ts of taking lithium
Do: Always carry your Lithium Alert Card
Do: Stay hydrated, particularly during hot weather or exercise
Do: Try to manage your salt intake, as sudden changes can affect lithium levels in your body
Do: Talk to your doctor about any new medications, supplements, or lifestyle changes
Do: Talk to your doctor if you’re pregnant or planning a pregnancy
Do not: Take lithium without regular medical supervision
Do not: Take non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen and aspirin
Do not: Skip blood tests or check-ups
Do not: Skip any doses or stop taking lithium suddenly as this can lead to relapse
What is a Lithium Alert Card?
If you’re prescribed lithium, you’ll be given a Lithium Alert Card to carry with you at all times.
The card includes important details, such as your GP’s contact information. It helps health professionals, including dentists and pharmacists, know that you’re taking lithium so they can avoid prescribing you medications that may interact with it.
